BACKGROUND:
Physics explains how the world works.
Technology is using knowledge to improve society. Many tools and
machines are created to help humans work easier. Without tools and
machines our society would progress very slowly. When caveman lived,
there were very few tools. They couldn't cut with scissors or sew with a
sewing machine because tools had not been invented. Children today
cannot think about living without television, much less the many
machines we depend upon.
A simple machine is a term used in
mechanics ( a branch of physics) to describe fundamental devices that
help do work more effectively. The basic simple machines are wheel and
axle ( to make thinks move); a lever (to help make work easier); and a
wedge (to help direct energy to be more efficiently). Tools use the
principles of simple machines. Simple machines could very well be
the first technology ever invented by humans.
PROCEDURE:
- This exercise introduces students
to simple machines. Show your students any tools you might have. If
there is a janitor at your school, have the janitor illustrate all the
tools they use to help make their job easier.
- Use the worksheet to illustrate
examples of tools that help make work easier. Simple machines were
invented to make life easier. Students do not have to understand how or
what simple machines are. The focus is to exposure them to new words and
the association of words with an object.
WHEELBARROW - makes moving heavy objects easier,
move faster
WRENCH - lever, can direct energy to tighten or loosen screws or nuts
SHOVEL - a lever and wedge that directs your body to pick up soil
PULLEY - helps to lift objects
RAMP - helps lift large objects
PLIER - helps open and close objects easily
HAMMER - the portion that helps remove nails is a lever
SCREW - helps to secure objects
