In lab you will construct monatomic ions, polyatomic ions, diatomic molecules, and polyatomic molecules of certain compounds.  Read the material below on each of the models so you can try and connect properties with the specific model you are creating.  Remember the models are limited in how they can make you “see” the real elements.  However, it helps you to visualize what it might really look like.  The following are the different models you will be constructing.

Sodium ion  (Na⁺¹ ) is missing an electron and is never found in nature as a free element but as a compound (Na₂).  Sodium reacts with water and large pieces will explore when exposed to water.   

You will be looking at an ion of sulfur (S^-2 ) which likes to bond with a many other ions to form a very complex family of compounds.   Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is one of these compounds.  Elemental sulfur (S₂) can be found near volcanic regions in many parts of the world.

Using the elements aluminum and chlorine, you will be constructing an ion of aluminum Al⁺³ and a diatomic molecule of chlorine Cl₂.   You will then combine the two and make a molecule of aluminum chloride (AlCl₃ ).  Aluminum is a silver-white metal and chlorine is a deadly gas for humans. Aluminum chloride can explode if rapidly exposed to water.