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The principles of stratigraphy help to develop a sequence of rock
layers. In the figure to the left, the oldest rocks are on the bottom
(sandstones). The sandstones represent rocks deposited in a shallow
marine environment. The younger rocks reveal an environment change into
a tidal area. Through time the tidal area evolves into a lagoon
and then a swamp.
The sequence provides information on changing environments through
time. Then you can determine the sequences in other places and then
correlate one rock type with another. For instance, along the beach in
Darwin, Australia you can trace rock layers easily. They look like they
match!
Darwin, Australia
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