|
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
|
|
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
|
SEDIMENTARY ROCK IDENTIFICATION CHARTS
CLASTIC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
|
GRAIN SIZE |
ROCK NAME |
MINERAL COMPOSITION |
ROCK NAME IF IT INCLUDES FOSSILS |
|
|
finer than sand < 1/16 mm |
SMOOTH |
MUDSTONE |
Clay |
DIATOMITE (diatoms) RADIOLARITE (radiolarians) FOSSILEROUS MUDSTONE or SILTSTONE |
|
GRITTY |
SILTSTONE |
|||
|
sand size (1/16 to 2 mm) |
SANDSTONE |
quartz (quartz sandstone) |
FOSSILEROUS SANDSTONE |
|
|
rock fragments, feldspar, quartz, mica (graywacke) |
||||
|
quartz, feldspar (arkose) |
||||
|
coarser than sand (>2mm) |
rounded grains |
CONGLOMERATE |
quarts, feldspar, rock fragments |
FOSSILEROUS CONGLOMERATE |
|
angular grains |
BRECCIA |
FOSSILEROUS BRECCIA |
||
CHEMICAL SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
|
DESCRIPTION |
ROCK NAME |
MINERAL COMPOSITION |
WITH FOSSILS
|
|
|
microcrystalline |
CHERT |
quartz |
RADIOLARIAN CHERT |
|
|
crystalline |
GYPSUM |
gypsum |
||
|
crystalline |
ROCK SALT |
halite |
||
|
crystalline |
DOLOMITE |
dolomite |
||
|
crystalline |
LITHOGRAPHIC LIMESTONE |
calcite |
FOSSILIFEROUS LIMESTONE |
|
|
spongy, crumbly |
COAL |
no true minerals, various stages of altered plant remains |
PEAT |
|
|
spongy brown |
LIGNITE |
|||
|
hard, black to brown |
BITUMINOUS |
|||
|
hard, shiny dark |
ANTHRACITE |
|||
