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PETROLEUM
Lesson 2 - Page 2

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Petroleum is an extremely complex hydrocarbon. The chemical components of crude oil, tar, and natural gas are given in the table below. It seems that no two crude oils are exactly the same. This is due primary to the source material and the result of its movement from the source rock to its reservoir.

The hydrocarbons arrange themselves in chains, and depending on the amount of chains will be dependant on what type of petroleum product is formed. However, nature only seems to produce crude oil, tar, and natural gas. All the other products produced by petroleum have to be created in the laboratory.


Hydrocarbon

element

crude % weigh

tar (asphalt)

natural gas

carbon

82.2-87.1

80-85

65-80

hydrogen

11.7-14.7

8.5-11

1-25

sulfur

.1-5.5

2-8

trace-.2

nitrogen

.1-1.5

0-2

1-15

oxygen

.1-4.5

-

-

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